MRTG: Advanced - Revision history

Onnowpurbo: /* The MRTG / RRDtool Integration Script */

2020-05-29T21:29:50Z

The MRTG / RRDtool Integration Script

Onnowpurbo: /* Installing RRDtool */

2020-05-29T05:01:19Z

Installing RRDtool

Onnowpurbo: /* Scenario */

2020-05-29T04:58:48Z

Scenario

Onnowpurbo: /* Here's how to proceed. */

2020-05-29T04:58:32Z

Here's how to proceed.

Onnowpurbo: /* Percepat MRTG dengan RRDtool */

2020-05-29T04:58:26Z

Percepat MRTG dengan RRDtool

Onnowpurbo: /* Scenari */

2020-05-29T04:58:06Z

Scenari

Onnowpurbo: /* Speeding up MRTG with RRDtool */

2020-05-29T04:56:02Z

Speeding up MRTG with RRDtool

Onnowpurbo: /* Implementing Advanced Server Monitoring */

2020-05-29T04:54:25Z

Implementing Advanced Server Monitoring

Onnowpurbo: /* Testing The OIDs */

2020-05-28T02:37:24Z

Testing The OIDs

Onnowpurbo: /* Scenario */

2020-05-28T02:30:22Z

Scenario

@@ Line 567: / Line 567: @@
      Download the script using wget. The site lists several versions; make sure you get the latest one.
-[root@bigboy tmp]# wget ftp://ftp.linux.cz/pub/linux/people/jan_kasprzak/mrtg-rrd/mrtg-rrd-0.7.tar.gz
+ [root@bigboy tmp]# wget ftp://ftp.linux.cz/pub/linux/people/jan_kasprzak/mrtg-rrd/mrtg-rrd-0.7.tar.gz
---12:42:12--  ftp://ftp.linux.cz/pub/linux/people/jan_kasprzak/mrtg-rrd/mrtg-rrd-0.7.tar.gz
+ --12:42:12--  ftp://ftp.linux.cz/pub/linux/people/jan_kasprzak/mrtg-rrd/mrtg-rrd-0.7.tar.gz
-           => `mrtg-rrd-0.7.tar.gz'
+            => `mrtg-rrd-0.7.tar.gz'
-Resolving ftp.linux.cz... 147.251.48.205
+ Resolving ftp.linux.cz... 147.251.48.205
-Connecting to ftp.linux.cz|147.251.48.205|:21... connected.
+ Connecting to ftp.linux.cz|147.251.48.205|:21... connected.
-Logging in as anonymous ... Logged in!
+ Logging in as anonymous ... Logged in!
-...
+ ...
-...
+ ...
-...
+ ...
 :24:50 (53.53 KB/s) - `mrtg-rrd-0.7.tar.gz' saved [20863]
-[root@bigboy tmp]# ls
+ [root@bigboy tmp]# ls
-mrtg-rrd-0.7.tar.gz
+ mrtg-rrd-0.7.tar.gz
-[root@bigboy tmp]#
+ [root@bigboy tmp]#
      Extract the contents of the tar file.
-[root@bigboy tmp]# tar -xzvf mrtg-rrd-0.7.tar.gz
+ [root@bigboy tmp]# tar -xzvf mrtg-rrd-0.7.tar.gz
-mrtg-rrd-0.7/
+ mrtg-rrd-0.7/
-mrtg-rrd-0.7/COPYING
+ mrtg-rrd-0.7/COPYING
-mrtg-rrd-0.7/FAQ
+ mrtg-rrd-0.7/FAQ
-mrtg-rrd-0.7/TODO
+ mrtg-rrd-0.7/TODO
-mrtg-rrd-0.7/Makefile
+ mrtg-rrd-0.7/Makefile
-mrtg-rrd-0.7/mrtg-rrd.cgi
+ mrtg-rrd-0.7/mrtg-rrd.cgi
-mrtg-rrd-0.7/ChangeLog
+ mrtg-rrd-0.7/ChangeLog
-[root@bigboy tmp]#
+ [root@bigboy tmp]#
      Create the /var/www/cgi-bin/mrtg directory and copy the mrtg-rrd.cgi file to it.
-[root@bigboy tmp]# mkdir -p /var/www/cgi-bin/mrtg
+ [root@bigboy tmp]# mkdir -p /var/www/cgi-bin/mrtg
-[root@bigboy tmp]# cp mrtg-rrd-0.7/mrtg-rrd.cgi /var/www/cgi-bin/mrtg/
+ [root@bigboy tmp]# cp mrtg-rrd-0.7/mrtg-rrd.cgi /var/www/cgi-bin/mrtg/
-[root@bigboy tmp]#
+ [root@bigboy tmp]#
      Edit the mrtg-rrd.cgi file and make it refer to the /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg file for its configuration details, or you can specify all the .cfg files in your /etc/mrtg directory.
-−
+ #
-# File: mrtg-rrd.cgi (Single File)
+ # File: mrtg-rrd.cgi (Single File)
-−
+ #
-# EDIT THIS to reflect all your MRTG config files
+ # EDIT THIS to reflect all your MRTG config files
-BEGIN { @config_files = qw(/etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg); }
+ BEGIN { @config_files = qw(/etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg); }
-−
-−
+ #
-# File: mrtg-rrd.cgi (multipl .cfg files)
+ # File: mrtg-rrd.cgi (multipl .cfg files)
-−
+ #
-# EDIT THIS to reflect all your MRTG config files
+ # EDIT THIS to reflect all your MRTG config files
-BEGIN { @config_files = </etc/mrtg/*.cfg>; }
+ BEGIN { @config_files = </etc/mrtg/*.cfg>; }
      You should now be able to access your MRTG RRD graphs by visiting this URL:
-http://www.my-web-site.org/cgi-bin/mrtg/mrtg-rrd.cgi
+ http://www.my-web-site.org/cgi-bin/mrtg/mrtg-rrd.cgi
@@ Line 642: / Line 642: @@
      Errors in the /var/log/httpd/errorlog file referring to files or directories that don't exist can be caused by an incorrect IconDir statement in the MRTG configuration file.
-[Wed Jan 04 15:42:13 2006] [error] [client 192.168.1.102] File does not exist: /var/www/html/var,
+ [Wed Jan 04 15:42:13 2006] [error] [client 192.168.1.102] File does not exist: /var/www/html/var,
-referer: http://bigboy/cgi-bin/mrtg/mrtg-rrd.cgi/
+ referer: http://bigboy/cgi-bin/mrtg/mrtg-rrd.cgi/
-[Wed Jan 04 15:45:46 2006] [error] [client 192.168.1.102] script not found or unable to stat:
+ [Wed Jan 04 15:45:46 2006] [error] [client 192.168.1.102] script not found or unable to stat:
- /var/www/cgi-bin/mrtg/mrtg-l.png, referer: http://bigboy/cgi-bin/mrtg/mrtg-rrd.cgi/
+  /var/www/cgi-bin/mrtg/mrtg-l.png, referer: http://bigboy/cgi-bin/mrtg/mrtg-rrd.cgi/
      Errors caused by not installing the pre-requisite RRD RPM modules rrdtool, perl-RRD-Simple and rrdtool-perl.
@@ Line 655: / Line 655: @@
 Conclusion
 Using the guidelines in this chapter you should be able to graph most SNMP MIB values available on any type of device. MRTG is an excellent, flexible monitoring tool and should be considered as a part of any systems administrator's server management plans.
 ==Referensi==

@@ Line 518: / Line 518: @@
 * File konfigurasi MRTG adalah /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg.
-==Installing RRDtool==
+===Install RRDtool===
-The RRDtool and RRDtool PERL module file can be downloaded from its website at http://people.ee.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/rrdtool/, but installation can be tricky as the installation program may look for certain supporting libraries in the wrong directories.
+File modul RRDtool dan RRDtool PERL dapat diunduh dari situs webnya di http://people.ee.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/rrdtool/, tetapi instalasi bisa rumit karena program instalasi mungkin mencari library pendukung tertentu di direktori yang salah.
-Fortunately the prerequisite rrdtool and rrdtool-perl packages now come as part of most Linux distributions. For more details on installing packages, see Chapter 6, "Installing Linux Software").
+Untungnya paket rrdtool dan rrdtool-perl prasyarat kini hadir sebagai bagian dari sebagian besar distribusi Linux. Untuk detail lebih lanjut tentang menginstal paket.
-Storing the MRTG Data in RRDtool Format
 This phase of the integration process can be done in a few minutes, but the steps can be tricky:
-    The first step is to add some new options to your cfgmaker command. The first indicates that MRTG should only store rrdtool formatted data, and the second defines the /var/mrtg directory in which it should be stored. For added security, the directory should be external to your web server's document root.
+The first step is to add some new options to your cfgmaker command. The first indicates that MRTG should only store rrdtool formatted data, and the second defines the /var/mrtg directory in which it should be stored. For added security, the directory should be external to your web server's document root.
   --global 'LogFormat: rrdtool' --global "workdir: /var/mrtg"  --global 'IconDir: /mrtg'
-    Finally, you should also specify an icon directory which specifies the location of all miscellaneous MRTG web page icons. The RRD web interface script we'll install later uses an incorrect location. The icon directory /mrtg is actually a partial URL location. In this Fedora scenario we are using the default Apache configuration which locates the MRTG icon files in the /var/www/mrtg directory. If you are using a non default Apache MRTG configuration or are using other Linux distributions or versions you may have to copy the icons to the custom directory in which the MRTG PNG format icon files are located.
+Finally, you should also specify an icon directory which specifies the location of all miscellaneous MRTG web page icons. The RRD web interface script we'll install later uses an incorrect location. The icon directory /mrtg is actually a partial URL location. In this Fedora scenario we are using the default Apache configuration which locates the MRTG icon files in the /var/www/mrtg directory. If you are using a non default Apache MRTG configuration or are using other Linux distributions or versions you may have to copy the icons to the custom directory in which the MRTG PNG format icon files are located.
-    The cfgmaker program is simple to use and is covered in in Chapter 22, "Monitoring Server Performance".
+The cfgmaker program is simple to use and is covered in in Chapter 22, "Monitoring Server Performance".
-    The next step is to create the data repository directory /var/mrtg and make it be owned by the apache user and process that runs the default Linux web server application.
+The next step is to create the data repository directory /var/mrtg and make it be owned by the apache user and process that runs the default Linux web server application.
   [root@bigboy tmp]# mkdir /var/mrtg
@@ Line 541: / Line 542: @@
   [root@bigboy tmp]#
-    Note: If you are using SELinux you'll have to change the context of this directory to match that of the /var/www/html directory so that the apache process will be able to read the database files when your CGI script needs them. These commands compare the contexts of the both directories and apply the correct set to /var/mrtg.
+Note: If you are using SELinux you'll have to change the context of this directory to match that of the /var/www/html directory so that the apache process will be able to read the database files when your CGI script needs them. These commands compare the contexts of the both directories and apply the correct set to /var/mrtg.
-    Please refer to Chapter 20, " The Apache Web Server" for more details on file contexts with Apache.
+Please refer to Chapter 20, " The Apache Web Server" for more details on file contexts with Apache.
   [root@bigboy tmp]# ls -alZ /var/www | grep html
@@ Line 552: / Line 553: @@
   [root@bigboy tmp]#
-    We now need to test that the RRD files are being created correctly. Run MRTG using the /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg file as the source configuration file then test to see if the contents of the /var/mrtg directory have changed. Success!
+We now need to test that the RRD files are being created correctly. Run MRTG using the /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg file as the source configuration file then test to see if the contents of the /var/mrtg directory have changed. Success!
   [root@bigboy tmp]# ls /var/mrtg/

@@ Line 509: / Line 509: @@
 MRTG adalah program yang sangat berguna tetapi memiliki keterbatasan. Semua grafik dan halaman web diciptakan kembali setiap kali sebuah perangkat disurvei. Ini berpotensi membebani server MRTG terutama jika kita memiliki banyak perangkat yang dipantau dan grafik membutuhkan lebih dari lima menit untuk dibuat. RRDtool adalah aplikasi yang ditulis oleh pencipta MRTG yang dapat menyimpan data tujuan umum, tetapi menghasilkan grafik sesuai permintaan. Mengintegrasikan MRTG dengan RRDtool dapat memiliki manfaat kinerja yang sangat nyata. Contoh berikut akan menunjukkan kepada kita cara menerapkan solusi tujuan umum dengan cepat.
-==Scenario==
+===Scenario===
 Penggunaan RRDtool diperlukan untuk mengurangi beban pada server pemantauan yang telah mengalami kinerja yang sangat lamban karena jumlah grafik MRTG yang harus diregenerasi setiap siklus pemungutan suara.

@@ Line 517: / Line 517: @@
 * Diperlukan skrip CGI yang akan membaca data MRTG baru dalam format RRDtool.
 * File konfigurasi MRTG adalah /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg.
 ==Installing RRDtool==

@@ Line 505: / Line 505: @@
 Success! Now you can use this OID value, enterprises.9.9.109.1.1.1.1.5.1, for your MRTG queries.
-==Percepat MRTG dengan RRDtool==
+===Percepat MRTG dengan RRDtool===
 MRTG adalah program yang sangat berguna tetapi memiliki keterbatasan. Semua grafik dan halaman web diciptakan kembali setiap kali sebuah perangkat disurvei. Ini berpotensi membebani server MRTG terutama jika kita memiliki banyak perangkat yang dipantau dan grafik membutuhkan lebih dari lima menit untuk dibuat. RRDtool adalah aplikasi yang ditulis oleh pencipta MRTG yang dapat menyimpan data tujuan umum, tetapi menghasilkan grafik sesuai permintaan. Mengintegrasikan MRTG dengan RRDtool dapat memiliki manfaat kinerja yang sangat nyata. Contoh berikut akan menunjukkan kepada kita cara menerapkan solusi tujuan umum dengan cepat.

@@ Line 509: / Line 509: @@
 MRTG adalah program yang sangat berguna tetapi memiliki keterbatasan. Semua grafik dan halaman web diciptakan kembali setiap kali sebuah perangkat disurvei. Ini berpotensi membebani server MRTG terutama jika kita memiliki banyak perangkat yang dipantau dan grafik membutuhkan lebih dari lima menit untuk dibuat. RRDtool adalah aplikasi yang ditulis oleh pencipta MRTG yang dapat menyimpan data tujuan umum, tetapi menghasilkan grafik sesuai permintaan. Mengintegrasikan MRTG dengan RRDtool dapat memiliki manfaat kinerja yang sangat nyata. Contoh berikut akan menunjukkan kepada kita cara menerapkan solusi tujuan umum dengan cepat.
-==Scenari==
+==Scenario==
-The use of RRDtool is needed to reduce the load on a monitoring server that has been experiencing very sluggish performance due to the amount of MRTG graphs it has to regenerate every polling cycle.
+Penggunaan RRDtool diperlukan untuk mengurangi beban pada server pemantauan yang telah mengalami kinerja yang sangat lamban karena jumlah grafik MRTG yang harus diregenerasi setiap siklus pemungutan suara.
-* Due to space constraints, the RRD database needs to be located in the /var partition.
+* Karena keterbatasan ruang, database RRD perlu ditempatkan di partisi /var.
-* The server has a default Apache configuration with the CGI files needed for dynamically generated content being located in the /var/www/cgi-bin directory.
+* Server memiliki konfigurasi Apache default dengan file CGI yang diperlukan untuk konten yang dihasilkan secara dinamis yang berada di direktori /var/www/cgi-bin.
-* A CGI script is required that will read the new MRTG data in RRDtool format.
+* Diperlukan skrip CGI yang akan membaca data MRTG baru dalam format RRDtool.
-* The MRTG configuration file is /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg.
+* File konfigurasi MRTG adalah /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg.
 ==Here's how to proceed.==

@@ Line 313: / Line 313: @@
 ==Implementing Advanced Server Monitoring==
-You now can combine all you have learned to create a configuration file that monitors all these variables, and then you can integrate it into the existing MRTG configuration.
+Kita sekarang dapat menggabungkan semua yang telah kita pelajari untuk membuat file konfigurasi yang memonitor semua variabel ini, dan kemudian kita dapat mengintegrasikannya ke dalam konfigurasi MRTG yang ada.
 ==Contoh Konfigurasi Lengkap==

@@ Line 483: / Line 483: @@
   "cpmCPUTotal5minRev"        "1.3.6.1.4.1.9.9.109.1.1.1.1.8"
-==Testing The OIDs==
+===Test OID===
-As you can see, all the OIDs are a part of the same tree starting with 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.9.109.1.1.1.1. The OIDs provided may be incomplete, so it is best to use the snmpwalk command to try to get all the values below this root first.
+Seperti yang kita lihat, semua OID adalah bagian dari pohon yang sama dimulai dengan 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.9.109.1.1.1.1.1. OID yang disediakan mungkin tidak lengkap, jadi yang terbaik adalah menggunakan perintah snmpwalk untuk mencoba mendapatkan semua nilai di bawah root ini terlebih dahulu.
   [root@bigboy tmp]# snmpwalk -v1 -c craz33guy cisco-switch 1.3.6.1.4.1..9.9.109.1.1.1.1
@@ Line 494: / Line 494: @@
   [root@bigboy tmp]#
-Although listed in the OID file, 1.1.1.1.6, 1.1.1.1.7, and 1.1.1.1.8 are not supported. Notice also how SNMP has determined that the first part of the OID value (1.3.6.1.4.1) in the original OID file maps to the word "enterprise".
+Meskipun tercantum dalam file OID, 1.1.1.1.6, 1.1.1.1.7, dan 1.1.1.1.8 tidak di support. Perhatikan juga bagaimana SNMP telah menentukan bahwa bagian pertama dari nilai OID (1.3.6.1.4.1) dalam file OID asli di mapping ke kata "perusahaan".
 Next, you can use one the snmpget command to set only one of the OID values returned by snmpwalk.

@@ Line 464: / Line 464: @@
 Semua MIB yang disebutkan sejauh ini adalah untuk sistem Linux; jenis sistem lain akan membutuhkan MIB tambahan yang pemasangannya mungkin tidak jelas dalam panduan pengguna atau tidak tersedia. Dalam kasus seperti itu, kita harus mengetahui nilai pasti dari OID.
-===Scenario===
+===Skenario===
-Imagine that your small company has purchased a second-hand Cisco switch to connect its Web site servers to the Internet. The basic MRTG configuration shown in Chapter 22, " Monitoring Server Performance", provides the data bandwidth statistics, but you want to measure the CPU load the traffic is having on the device, as well. Downloading MIBs from Cisco and using them with the snmpget command was not a success. You do not know what to do next. Find The OIDs
+Bayangkan anda sebagai sebuah perusahaan kecil telah membeli Cisco second untuk menghubungkan server situs Web-nya ke Internet. Konfigurasi dasar MRTG menyediakan statistik bandwidth data, tetapi anda ingin mengukur beban CPU yang disebabkan oleh traffic di perangkat. Mengunduh MIB dari Cisco dan menggunakannya dengan perintah snmpget tidak berhasil. Anda tidak tahu apa yang harus dilakukan selanjutnya.
-After looking at all the OID files, you decide that the file CISCO-PROCESS-MIB.oid will contain the necessary values and find these entries inside it.
+===Find The OIDs===
   "cpmCPUTotalPhysicalIndex"  "1.3.6.1.4.1.9.9.109.1.1.1.1.2"